Dehydration occurs when fluid loss exceeds intake, impairing normal body function. Common causes include diarrhoea, vomiting, fever, excessive sweating, and inadequate fluid intake. Children and older adults face higher risk.
Recognising Symptoms
Thirst and dry mouth
Reduced urine output or dark yellow urine
Fatigue, dizziness, or confusion
Sunken eyes, dry skin with poor elasticity
In infants: sunken fontanelle, no tears when crying, fewer wet nappies
Evidence-Based First-Line Management
Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS)
The World Health Organization recommends ORS as primary treatment for mild to moderate dehydration. ORS contains precise ratios of sodium, glucose, and potassium that maximise intestinal fluid absorption.
Home preparation (WHO formula): 1 litre clean water + 6 level teaspoons sugar + ½ level teaspoon salt. Stir until dissolved. Sip frequently.
Commercial ORS packets (available at pharmacies) ensure accurate composition. Follow package directions.
Fluid Replacement Priorities
Water: Essential but lacks electrolytes
Coconut water: Natural source of potassium, sodium, magnesium
Diluted fruit juice: 1 part juice to 4 parts water with pinch of salt
Soups and broths: Provide sodium and fluids
Foods That Support Rehydration
Food
Key Electrolytes
Bananas
Potassium, magnesium
Oranges, mangoes
Potassium, vitamin C
Spinach, sukuma wiki
Magnesium, potassium, calcium
Yoghurt/maziwa lala
Potassium, calcium, sodium
Beans, lentils
Potassium, magnesium
When to Seek Medical Care
Visit a health facility immediately if you or a child experience:
Persistent vomiting preventing fluid retention
Diarrhoea lasting more than 2 days (adults) or 24 hours (children)
Signs of severe dehydration: rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, confusion, fainting
Blood in stool or black tarry stool
High fever (above 39°C / 102°F)
No urine output for 8+ hours
Intravenous fluids may be necessary for severe dehydration.
Supplements That May Complement Hydration Support
Supplements do not replace ORS or medical care. Evidence varies by ingredient.
Chlorophyll (Liquid)
Chlorophyllin (water-soluble chlorophyll derivative) provides trace minerals including magnesium and copper. Some users report improved energy with regular use. Dynapharm Liquid Chlorophyll can be added to water as part of daily fluid intake.
Milk Thistle
Silymarin, the active compound in milk thistle, has been studied for liver-supportive properties. The liver plays a role in electrolyte balance and fluid regulation. Dynapharm Milk Thistle may support overall metabolic function.
Ganoderma (Reishi Mushroom)
Ganoderma contains polysaccharides and triterpenes studied for immune modulation. Dynapharm Yee Gano is used by some as part of general wellness routines.
Prevention Strategies
Drink water consistently throughout the day, not only when thirsty
Increase intake during hot weather, physical activity, or illness
Include electrolyte-rich foods daily
Monitor urine colour: pale yellow indicates adequate hydration
For children: offer fluids frequently during illness
Important Disclaimer
This article provides educational information only. It does not constitute medical advice. Dehydration can become life-threatening rapidly, especially in children and older adults. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of dehydration or any health condition. Supplements mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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